What is the term for the process that involves containing an incident to reduce harm?

The term for the process that involves containing an incident to reduce harm is "Containment." Containment refers specifically to the actions taken to limit the impact of a security incident once it has occurred. This can involve isolating affected systems, preventing the spread of an attack, and implementing initial controls to safeguard unaffected resources. The goal of containment is to manage the incident effectively, minimizing damage and ensuring a controlled approach to further managing the situation.

While "Mitigation" relates to strategies that reduce the likelihood or impact of potential incidents, it encompasses actions taken before or after an incident occurs. "Response" generally refers to the overall handling of an incident, which includes containment but also involves steps that may be taken afterward. "Eradication" is focused on completely removing the threat or vulnerabilities once containment has been achieved, making it a subsequent phase rather than the immediate response to limit harm. Thus, containment specifically aligns with the definition provided in the question.