What technique can be used to capture traffic in real-time to potentially obtain encryption keys?

The correct response highlights the effectiveness of a Man-in-the-Middle Attack for capturing traffic in real-time. This technique involves an attacker intercepting communications between two parties without their knowledge. By placing themselves in the communication stream, the attacker can monitor, capture, and potentially alter the data being transmitted.

In the context of obtaining encryption keys, this attack can be particularly impactful. For instance, if the attacker can successfully intercept the encrypted data along with its associated keys during the transmission, they can decrypt the information and gain access to sensitive data.

While replay attacks are designed to capture and replay previously sent messages, they do not typically allow for the capturing of encryption keys in real-time during the initial transmission. Phishing involves tricking individuals into revealing sensitive information, which is an indirect method of obtaining information rather than capturing real-time traffic. ARP poisoning is focused more on redirecting traffic rather than actively capturing or decrypting it. Thus, the Man-in-the-Middle Attack stands out for its direct and effective approach to intercepting and potentially decrypting communications.