What type of software secretly monitors user activity and can affect confidentiality?

Spyware is a type of software designed to secretly monitor and gather information about a user's activities without their knowledge or consent. It often tracks user behavior, such as browsing habits, credit card information, and login credentials, all of which can significantly impact confidentiality. By capturing sensitive information and transmitting it to unauthorized parties, spyware poses serious risks to personal privacy and data security.

While viruses and Trojans can also be harmful, they typically focus on damaging systems or data rather than actively monitoring user behavior. Adware, on the other hand, may display unwanted advertisements and can collect data, but it generally lacks the stealthy surveillance capabilities that define spyware. This is why spyware is distinctly recognized for its role in compromising confidentiality.