Which of the following tools is used for conducting detailed security assessments?

The tool used for conducting detailed security assessments is the vulnerability scanner. Vulnerability scanners are specifically designed to identify security weaknesses in systems, networks, and applications. They analyze the environment for known vulnerabilities based on databases that are regularly updated with the latest threats, configurations, and system weaknesses. By running these scans, organizations can gain insights into potential attack vectors and prioritize their remediation efforts.

In contrast, firewalls primarily serve as a barrier to control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules, making them essential for protecting the perimeter but not for assessing vulnerabilities. Routers direct data traffic within networks and help in managing network pathways, while network monitors track and log network activity to identify unusual behavior or performance issues but do not directly assess vulnerabilities. Thus, the vulnerability scanner stands out as the specialized tool for security assessments, allowing organizations to proactively bolster their defenses against potential threats.